Ubuchwepheshe Bokubhoboza

I-Drill bit, njengethuluzi elivame kakhulu ekucubunguleni imigodi, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni imishini, ikakhulukazi ukucubungula izimbobo kumadivayisi okupholisa, amashidi amashubhu wemishini yokuphehla amandla, amajeneretha omusi nezinye izingxenye.

1,Izici zokumba

I-drill bit ngokuvamile inemiphetho emibili yokusika.Ngesikhathi somshini, i-drill bit iyajikeleza futhi isike ngesikhathi esifanayo.I-engeli yangaphambili ye-drill bit iba nkulu futhi ibe nkulu ukusuka eksisi emaphakathi kuya onqenqemeni olungaphandle, ijubane lokusika le-drill bit eliseduze nendilinga yangaphandle liphakeme, futhi isivinini sokusika siyehla sibheke enkabeni, kanye nesivinini sokusika isikhungo esijikelezayo sika-drill bit singuziro.Unqenqema oluvundlile lwe-drill luseduze ne-axis yesikhungo esijikelezayo.Unqenqema oluseceleni lune-engeli enkulu ye-rake eyi-axiliary, ayikho indawo ye-chip, nesivinini esiphansi sokusika, ngakho-ke izokhiqiza ukumelana okukhulu kwe-axial.Uma unqenqema oluphambene lugaywa ukuze uthayiphe u-A noma u-C ku-DIN1414, futhi umkhawulo wokusika eduze kwe-axis ephakathi une-angle ye-rake enhle, ukumelana nokusika kungancishiswa futhi ukusebenza kokusika kungathuthukiswa kakhulu.

Ngokuvumelana nobujamo obuhlukene, izinto zokwakha, izakhiwo kanye nemisebenzi yama-workpieces, ukubhola kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningi, njengama-drill ensimbi anesivinini esikhulu (ama-twist drill, ama-group drill, ama-flat drill), i- integral carbide drill, izimbobo zemigodi ezingashoni, ezijulile. ama-hole drill, ama-sleeve drill, nama-drill ekhanda ashintshwayo.

2,Ukuphulwa kwe-chip nokususwa kwe-chip

Ukusikwa kwe-drill bit kwenziwa emgodini omncane, futhi ama-chips kufanele akhishwe nge-groove yokusika ye-drill bit, ngakho-ke ukwakheka kwe-chip kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kokusika kwe-drill bit.Izimo ze-chip ezivamile zihlanganisa ama-flake chips, ama-tubular chips, ama-chips enaliti, ama-chips spiral tapered, ama-ribbon chips, ama-chips amise okwefeni, ama-powdery chips, njll.

Lapho umumo we-chip ungafaneleki, izinkinga ezilandelayo zizokwenzeka:

①Ama-chips amahle avimba umsele onqenqemeni, athinta ukunemba kokumba, anciphisa impilo ye-drill bit, futhi aphule ngisho ne-drill bit (njengama-powdery chips, ama-chips amise okwefeni, njll.);

②Ama-chips amade azungeze i-drill bit, avimbe ukusebenza, abangele umonakalo ku-drill bit noma avimbele ukusika uketshezi ukuthi lungangeni embobeni (njengama-spiral chips, ama-ribbon chips, njll.).

Indlela yokuxazulula inkinga ye-chip shape engalungile:

①Umphumela wokuphulwa kwe-chip nokususwa kwe-chip ungathuthukiswa ngokukhuphula izinga lokuphakelayo, ukudla okuphakelayo ngezikhathi ezithile, ukugaya i-cross edge, ukufaka i-chip breaker, njll., ngokulandelanayo noma ngokuhlanganyela, ukuze kuqedwe izinkinga ezibangelwa ama-chips.

②Umshini wokubhoboza i-chip ochwepheshe ungasetshenziselwa ukubhola.Isibonelo, unqenqema oluklanyelwe ukuphulwa kwe-chip lwengezwa ku-groove ye-drill bit ukuze kuphuke ama-chips abe ama-chips asulwe kalula.Imfucumfucu izolahlwa kahle eduze komsele ngaphandle kokuvaleka emseleni.Ngakho-ke, umshini omusha wokubhoboza i-chip uzuza umphumela wokusika obushelelezi kunomshini ovamile.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, insimbi emfushane ye-scrap yenza kube lula ukuthi into epholile igeleze endaweni yokubhoboza, ithuthukise nakakhulu umphumela wokulahla ukushisa nokusebenza kokusika ngesikhathi sokucubungula.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi unqenqema olusanda kufakwa lokuphulwa kwe-chip lungene kuwo wonke umsele we-drill bit, ukwakheka kwawo nokusebenza kwawo kusengagcinwa ngemva kwezikhathi ezimbalwa zokugaya.Ngaphezu kokuthuthukiswa komsebenzi okungenhla, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi umklamo uqinisa ukuqina komzimba wokubhoboza futhi ukhuphule kakhulu inani lemigodi eboshiwe ngaphambi kokugaya okukodwa.

3,Ukunemba kokumba

Ukunemba kwembobo ikakhulukazi kwakhiwe izici ezifana nosayizi wembobo, ukunemba kwendawo, i-coaxiality, ukuzungeza, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo kanye ne-hole burr.

Izinto ezithinta ukunemba komgodi ozokwenziwa ngomshini ngesikhathi sokumba:

①Ukunemba kokubopha kanye nezimo zokusika ze-drill, njengesibambi samathuluzi, isivinini sokusika, izinga lokuphakelayo, uketshezi lokusika, njll;

②Usayizi omncane kanye nokuma, njengobude bebhithi, umumo wonqenqema, umumo oyingqikithi, njll;

③Umumo we-Workpiece, njenge-orifice side shape, i-orifice shape, ukujiya, isimo sokugoqa, njll.

I-Counterbore

Ukubuyisela kabusha kubangelwa ukushwibeka kwe-drill bit ngesikhathi sokucubungula.Ukushwibeka kwesibambi samathuluzi kunomthelela omkhulu kububanzi bembobo kanye nokunemba kokuma kwembobo.Ngakho-ke, lapho isibambi samathuluzi sigqokwe kakhulu, isibambi samathuluzi esisha kufanele sishintshwe ngesikhathi.Lapho ubhoboza izimbobo ezincane, kunzima ukulinganisa nokulungisa ukujikijela, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa umshini wokubhoboza we-shank omncane one-coaxiality enhle phakathi kwe-blade ne-shank.Uma usebenzisa i-regrind drill ukucubungula, isizathu sokwehla kokunemba kwembobo ikakhulukazi ngenxa ye-asymmetry ye-back shape.Ukulawulwa komehluko wobude bonqenqema kunganqanda ngempumelelo ukuphinda kufakwe imbobo.

Ukujikeleza kwembobo

Ngenxa yokudlidliza kwe-drill bit, imbobo ebhoboziwe kulula ukuba i-polygonal, futhi udonga lwembobo lubonakala njengephethini yemigqa emibili.Izimbobo ze-polygonal ezivamile ngokuvamile zingunxantathu noma i-pentagonal.Isizathu sembobo engunxantathu ukuthi i-drill bit inezikhungo ezimbili zokujikeleza lapho ibhoboza, futhi idlidliza ngemvamisa yokushintshaniswa njalo ngama-600. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokudlidliza ukuthi ukumelana nokusika akulingani.Lapho i-drill bit ijikeleza kanye, ngenxa yokujikeleza okumpofu komgodi ocutshungulwayo, ukumelana kungalingani ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwesibili kokusika.Ukudlidliza kokugcina kuyaphindwa futhi, kodwa isigaba sokudlidliza sinokuphambuka okuthile, okubangela imigqa ekabili odongeni lwembobo.Lapho ukujula kokumba kufinyelela ezingeni elithile, ukungqubuzana phakathi konqenqema lokubhoboza kanye nodonga lwembobo luyakhula, ukudlidliza kuyancipha, i-involute iyanyamalala, futhi ukuzungeza kuba ngcono.Lolu hlobo lwembobo luyifaneli emise okwengxenye yelongitudinal.Ngesizathu esifanayo, izimbobo ze-pentagon ne-heptagon nazo zingavela ekusikeni.Ukuze kuqedwe lesi simo, ngaphezu kokulawula izici ezifana nokudlidliza kwekholethi, umehluko wobude bonqenqema, kanye nokuma kwe-asymmetric yengemuva ne-blade, kufanele futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwe-drill bit, ukwandisa izinga lokuphakela ngakunye. revolution, yehlisa i-engeli yangemuva, futhi ugaye unqenqema lwesiphambano.

Geza izimbobo emithambekeni nasezindaweni ezingaphezulu

Lapho indawo yokusika noma ukubhoboza ngaphezulu kwendawo yokubhoboza igobile, igobile noma inyathelwe, ukunemba kokuma akulungile.Ngalesi sikhathi, i-drill bit inqunywa ohlangothini olulodwa lwe-radial, okunciphisa impilo yamathuluzi.

Ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kokumisa, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingathathwa:

1. Geza imbobo ephakathi kuqala;

2. Gaya isihlalo somgodi ngomshini wokugaya;

3. Khetha ama-drill bits angena kahle futhi aqinile;

4. Yehlisa isivinini sokuphakelayo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Burr

Ngesikhathi sokumba, ama-burrs azovela ekungeneni nasekuphumeni komgodi, ikakhulukazi lapho kucutshungulwa izinto ezisetshenziswayo namapuleti amancane anokuqina okuphezulu.Isizathu siwukuthi lapho i-drill bit isizobhoboza, okokusebenza okuzocutshungulwa kuzoba nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki.Ngalesi sikhathi, ingxenye engunxantathu okufanele isikwe ngonqenqema lwe-drill bit eduze konqenqema olungaphandle izokhubazeka futhi igobe ngaphandle ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla okusika i-axial, futhi iqhubeke isongwe ngaphansi kwesenzo se-chamfer yonqenqema lwangaphandle. we-drill bit kanye nonqenqema lwebhande elinqenqemeni, okwenza ama-curls noma ama-burrs.

4,Izimo zokucubungula zokumba

Ikhathalogi evamile yemikhiqizo yokubhoboza iqukethe iReference Table of Basic Cutting Parameters ehlelwe ngokuya ngezinto zokucubungula.Abasebenzisi bangakhetha izimo zokusika zokumba ngokubhekisela kumingcele yokusika enikeziwe.Ukuthi ukukhethwa kwezimo zokusika kufanelekile yini kufanele kwahlulelwe ngokugcwele ngokusikwa kwecala ngokuya ngezici ezifana nokunemba komshini, ukusebenza kahle komshini, impilo yokubhola, njll.

1. Impilo encane kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemishini

Ngokwesisekelo sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zocezu lokusebenza okufanele lucutshungulwe, ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwe-drill kufanele kulinganiswe ngokuningiliziwe ngokuya nempilo yesevisi kanye nokusebenza kahle kokucubungula kokubhola.Ibanga lokusika lingakhethwa njengenkomba yokuhlola yempilo yesevisi encane;Isivinini sokuphakelayo singakhethwa njengenkomba yokuhlola yokusebenza kahle kwemishini.Kumabhithi okubhola ensimbi anesivinini esikhulu, impilo yesevisi ye-drill bit ithintwa kakhulu isivinini esijikelezayo, futhi ayithinteki kancane ngezinga lokuphakela ngakunye.Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kungathuthukiswa ngokukhuphula izinga lokudla ngakunye, kuyilapho kuqinisekiswa impilo ende ye-drill bit.Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uma izinga lokudla ngakunye likhulu kakhulu, i-chip izoshuba, ibangele ubunzima ekuqhekekeni kwe-chip.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukunquma ububanzi besilinganiso sokuphakelayo ngokuphenduka ngakunye kokugqashuka kwe-chip okushelelayo ekusikeni kwesilingo.Kumabhithi okubhola e-carbide kasimende, kukhona i-chamfer enkulu ekuqondeni kwe-engeli yeraki engemuva konqenqema lokusika, futhi ububanzi obungazikhethela besilinganiso sokuphakela ngakunye inguquko ngayinye buncane kunalolo lwezinsimbi zokubhola zensimbi ezinesivinini esikhulu.Uma izinga lokuphakelayo ngokuphenduka ngakunye lidlula lobu bubanzi phakathi nokucubungula, impilo yesevisi ye-drill bit izoncishiswa.Njengoba ukumelana nokushisa kwebhithi ye-carbide enosimende kungaphezulu kwalokho kwe-high-speed steel bit, futhi isivinini sokujikeleza sinethonya elincane empilweni yebhithi, indlela yokwandisa ijubane lokujikeleza ingatholwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kosimende. carbide kancane futhi uqinisekise ukuphila kancane.

2. Ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo koketshezi lokusika

I-drill bit isikwa emgodini omncane, ngakho-ke uhlobo lokusika uketshezi kanye nendlela yokujova kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni ye-drill bit kanye nokunemba komshini wembobo.Uketshezi lokusika lungahlukaniswa lube oluncibilikayo emanzini futhi olungancibiliki emanzini.Uketshezi lokusika olungancibiliki emanzini lunokuthambisa okuhle, ukumanzisa nokumelana nokunamathela, futhi lunomsebenzi wokuvimbela ukugqwala.Uketshezi lokusika oluncibilika emanzini lunempahla enhle yokupholisa, alunantuthu futhi aluvutheli.Uma kucatshangelwa ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, uketshezi lokusika oluncibilika emanzini lusetshenziswe kabanzi eminyakeni yamuva.Kodwa-ke, uma isilinganiso sokuhlanjululwa koketshezi oluncibilika emanzini lungafaneleki noma uketshezi olunqunyiwe luwohloka, impilo yamathuluzi izofinyezwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe uma kusetshenziswa.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uketshezi lokusika oluncibilika emanzini noma olungancibiliki emanzini, uketshezi lokusika kufanele lufinyelele endaweni yokusika olusetshenziswa ngokugcwele, kanye nokugeleza, ukucindezela, inombolo yamabhobho, imodi yokupholisa (ukupholisa kwangaphakathi noma kwangaphandle), njll. kumele ilawulwe ngokuqinile.

5,Ukucija kabusha kwe-drill bit

Isinqumo sokugaya kabusha

Imibandela yokuphinda ugaye i-drill bit yilezi:

1. Gqoka inani lokusika, unqenqema olunqamulayo kanye nomphetho onqenqemeni;

2. Ukunemba kwe-Dimensional kanye nobukhulu obungaphezulu bembobo eyenziwe ngomshini;

3. Umbala nokuma kwama-chips;

4. Ukumelana nokusika (i-spindle current, umsindo, ukudlidliza namanye amanani angaqondile);

5. Inani lokucubungula, njll.

Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, indlela yokunquma enembayo nefanelekile izonqunywa kulezi zinkomba ezingenhla ngokuya ngemibandela ethile.Uma inani eligugile lisetshenziswa njengombandela, isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokubuyisela umnotho kufanele sitholwe.Njengoba izingxenye eziyinhloko zokugaya ziyingemuva lekhanda kanye nonqenqema oluvundlile, njengokuguga ngokweqile kwe-drill bit, ukuguga ngokweqile konqenqema, inani elikhulu lokugaya, kanye nenani elincishisiwe lezikhathi zokugaya (isevisi isiyonke. impilo yethuluzi=impilo yesevisi yethuluzi ngemva kokugaya kabusha× Izikhathi zokugaya kabusha), ngokuphambene nalokho, izofinyeza impilo yonke yesevisi ye-drill bit;Lapho ukunemba kobukhulu bembobo ezokwenziwa ngomshini kusetshenziswa njengezinga lokwahlulela, igeji yekholomu noma igeji yomkhawulo izosetshenziswa ukuhlola ukunwetshwa kokusika nokungaqondile kwembobo.Uma inani lokulawula selidlulile, ukugaya kabusha kuzokwenziwa ngokushesha;Uma ukumelana nokusika kusetshenziswa njengenkomba, umshini ungavalwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokushesha uma udlula inani elibekiwe lomkhawulo (njenge-spindle current);Lapho ukuphathwa komkhawulo wenani lokucubungula kwamukelwa, okuqukethwe kwesahlulelo esingenhla kuzohlanganiswa futhi amazinga okwahlulela azosethwa.

Indlela yokugaya i-drill bit

Lapho ulola kabusha i-drill, kungcono ukusebenzisa ithuluzi lomshini elikhethekile noma ithuluzi lokugaya indawo yonke, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa impilo yesevisi kanye nokunemba komshini wokubhola.Uma uhlobo lokuqala lokumba lusesimweni esihle sokucubungula, lungenziwa kabusha ngokohlobo lwasekuqaleni lokumba;Uma uhlobo lokuprakthiza lwangempela luneziphambeko, umumo ongemuva ungathuthukiswa kahle futhi umphetho wesiphambano ungagaywa ngokwenhloso yokusetshenziswa.

Naka amaphuzu alandelayo lapho ugaya:

1. Vimbela ukushisa ngokweqile futhi unciphise ubulukhuni kancane;

2. Umonakalo ku-drill bit (ikakhulukazi umonakalo onqenqemeni lwe-blade) uzosuswa ngokuphelele;

3. Uhlobo lokubhoboza kufanele lube ne-symmetrical;

4. Qaphela ukuthi ungalimazi umkhawulo wokusika ngesikhathi sokugaya, futhi ususe ama-burrs ngemva kokugaya;

5. Okwezinsimbi zokubhoboza i-carbide ezinosimende, umumo wokugaya unomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-drill bit.Uhlobo lokubhoboza lapho uphuma efekthri lungcono kakhulu olutholakala ngomklamo wesayensi nokuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe.Ngakho-ke, umkhawulo wokuqala wokusika kufanele ugcinwe lapho ugaya kabusha.